목 차
국문요약 ···············································································1
❘제1장❘서 론 (최수형) ·····················································9
제1절 연구의 목적 및 의의 ········································································11
제2절 보고서의 구성 ···················································································13
❘제2장❘조사내용 및 방법 (최수형･박희정) ····················15
제1절 조사내용 ···························································································17
1. 조사표의 구성 ·······························································································17
2. 조사내용 ········································································································19
가. 기초조사표 ······································································································19
나. 사건조사표 ······································································································25
제2절 모집단 및 표본설계 ··········································································28
1. 모집단 규정 및 표본추출틀 작성 ································································28
2. 표본규모의 산출 ···························································································30
가. 2012년 기준 범죄피해조사 오차분석 ··························································30
나. 2014년 기준 범죄피해조사 표본규모 산출 ·················································32
3. 층화 및 표본 배분 ·······················································································33
4. 표본조사구 및 가구의 추출 ·········································································34
가. 표본조사구 추출 ·····························································································34
나. 표본가구 추출 ································································································36
ii 전국범죄피해조사 2014
5. 가중치의 작성 및 추정 ················································································36
가. 가중치 작성 ····································································································36
나. 추정 방식 ········································································································37
제3절 조사준비 ···························································································38
1. 조사도구 준비 ·······························································································38
가. 가구명부 및 요도 준비 ··················································································38
나. 조사지침서 ······································································································39
다. 조사협조 공문 준비 ·······················································································40
라. 답례품 준비 ····································································································40
마. 비밀보호용 봉투 ·····························································································40
바. 조사원증 ··········································································································41
2. 조사홍보활동 ·································································································41
가. 조사안내문 발송 ·····························································································41
나. 조사 관련 사항 홈페이지 게시 ·····································································42
다. 조사 지역 특성별 홍보 방안 ········································································42
라. 부재중 가구에 대한 조사 진행 안내문 ························································42
제4절 조사진행 ···························································································43
1. 조사수행체계 ·································································································43
2. 추진일정 및 주요 내용 ················································································45
3. 면접원 투입 인원 ·························································································46
가. 면접원 선발 기준 ···························································································46
나. 면접원 투입인원 산출 시 고려 요인 ····························································47
다. 지역별 투입 조사인력 ····················································································47
4. 조사원 교육 ··································································································48
가. 면접원 교육 개요 ···························································································48
나. 면접원 교육 구성 ···························································································48
다. 면접원 교육 방법 ···························································································49
라. 세부교육일정 및 교육장소 ············································································50
마. 교육내용 및 시간표 ·······················································································50
5. 자료수집방법 ·································································································51
6. 조사기간 ········································································································53
제5절 실사결과 ···························································································54
1. 조사 완료 현황 ·····························································································54
2. 조사구 대체 및 가구 불응률 ·······································································55
목차 iii
가. 지역별 조사구 대체현황 ················································································55
나. 조사구 대체 사유 ···························································································56
다. 가구대체현황 및 불응률 ················································································59
3. 실사지도 및 입력자료 내검 실시 ································································62
가. 실사지도 ··········································································································62
나. 내검 실시 ········································································································66
다. 사후 검증 ········································································································68
제6절 표본의 대표성 평가 및 특성 ····························································70
1. 표본의 대표성 평가 ······················································································70
2. 조사대상 가구의 특성 ··················································································73
가. 조사대상 가구의 거주 특성 ··········································································73
나. 조사대상 가구의 사회경제적 특성 ·······························································75
3. 조사대상자의 특성 ························································································76
가. 조사대상자의 인구학적 특성 ·········································································76
나. 조사대상자의 사회경제적 특성 ·····································································78
제7절 범죄피해유형 추출방법 ·····································································80
1. 범죄유형의 분류체계 및 판별조건식 ··························································80
2. 공표 범죄유형 ·····························································································85
❘제3장❘주요 범죄 피해발생률 (황지태) ··························87
제1절 2014년 범죄피해건수와 피해율 ·······················································89
1. 2014년 기준 전국범죄피해조사 피해건수 및 피해율 전체 요약 ·············90
2. 주요 범죄 유형들의 피해건수 및 피해율 ···················································91
가. 폭력범죄 내 주요 범죄 피해율 ·····································································91
나. 재산범죄 내 주요 범죄 피해율 ·····································································92
다. 범죄유형 상세 분할 ·······················································································93
3. 중복피해와 상습피해 ····················································································95
제2절 2014년 지역별 및 도시규모별 피해율 ············································98
1. 지역별 피해율 ·······························································································98
2. 도시규모별 피해율 ·····················································································101
iv 전국범죄피해조사 2014
제3절 주요 범죄피해 발생 변화 분석 ······················································103
1. 2012년도 기준 조사와의 범죄피해율 비교 ·············································104
2. 1993년 기준 조사 이래 모든 범죄피해조사 결과들과의 범죄피해율 비교····108
제4절 범죄피해율에 관한 요약ㆍ소결 ·······················································110
❘제4장❘폭력범죄피해 발생 실태 및 피해 결과 (황지태) ···113
제1절 사건발생 일시 및 장소 ··································································115
1. 사건발생 일시 ·····························································································115
2. 사건이 발생한 구체적 장소 ·······································································118
제2절 피해 내용 및 피해결과 ··································································120
1. 가해자의 피해자에 대한 신체공격 여부와 흉기 소지 여부 ···················120
2. 피해 당시 상황 및 피해자의 대응 ···························································123
3. 피해자의 상해 여부 및 상해의 결과 ························································128
4. 폭력범죄피해의 정신적 후유증 ·································································133
제3절 피해자 및 가해자의 특성 ·······························································135
1. 피해자의 특성 ·····························································································135
2. 피해자가 인지한 가해자의 특성 ·······························································140
3. 피해자와 가해자 사이의 관계 ···································································145
❘제5장❘재산범죄피해 발생 실태 및 피해 결과 (황지태) ···149
제1절 사건발생 일시 및 장소 ··································································151
1. 사건발생 일시 ·····························································································151
2. 사건이 발생한 구체적 장소 ·······································································155
제2절 피해 내용 및 피해결과 ··································································157
1. 절도범죄피해의 내용 및 결과 ···································································157
목차 v
2. 손괴범죄피해의 내용 및 결과 ···································································163
3. 사기범죄피해의 내용 및 결과 ···································································165
❘제6장❘가구대상 범죄피해실태 (최수형) ······················171
제1절 가구대상 범죄피해율 ······································································173
제2절 주거침입 관련 범죄피해 ·································································174
1. 사건발생 계절 및 시간 ··············································································174
2. 피해상황 ······································································································176
3. 피해가구의 특성 ·························································································177
4. 가해자 관련 정보 인지수준 및 내용 ························································179
5. 범죄피해 이후의 정신적 피해 및 감정 변화 ···········································181
제3절 기타 가구대상 범죄피해 ·································································183
1. 사건발생 계절 및 시간 ··············································································183
2. 피해가구의 특성 ·························································································184
3. 가해자 관련 정보 인지수준 및 내용 ························································186
4. 범죄피해 이후의 정신적 피해 및 감정 변화 ···········································188
제4절 가구대상 범죄피해 발생 및 내용 변화 분석 ·································190
1. 연도별 가구대상 범죄피해율 ·····································································190
2. 연도별 주거침입 관련 범죄피해 내용 ····················································193
가. 연도별 사건발생 계절 및 시간 ···································································193
나. 연도별 피해상황 ···························································································195
다. 연도별 피해가구의 특성 ··············································································196
라. 연도별 가해자 관련 정보 인지수준 및 내용 ·············································198
마. 연도별 범죄피해 이후의 정신적 피해 및 감정 변화 ································200
3. 연도별 기타 가구대상 범죄피해 내용 ······················································202
가. 연도별 사건발생 계절 및 시간 ···································································202
나. 연도별 피해가구의 특성 ··············································································204
다. 연도별 가해자 관련 정보 인지수준 및 내용 ·············································205
라. 연도별 범죄피해 경험 이후의 정신적 피해 및 감정 변화 ·······················207
제5절 가구대상 범죄피해 발생 및 내용 요약 및 소결 ····························209
vi 전국범죄피해조사 2014
❘제7장❘경찰신고 및 처리현황 (최수형) ·······················213
제1절 경찰신고율 ······················································································215
1. 범죄피해 신고 건수 및 신고율 ·································································215
2. 범죄피해를 신고한 이유 ············································································215
3. 범죄피해를 신고하지 않은 이유 ·······························································217
제2절 처리현황 및 만족도 ········································································218
1. 경찰조치 여부 및 내용 ··············································································218
2. 사건처리절차에 관한 정보 제공 및 이해 정도 ·······································219
3. 경찰조치에 대한 만족도 ············································································219
4. 범인검거 여부 ·····························································································220
5. 사건경험으로 인한 시간 손실 여부 및 손실 일수 ··································221
제3절 경찰신고 및 처리현황 변화에 대한 추세 분석 ······························223
1. 연도별 범죄피해 신고 건수 및 신고율 ····················································223
2. 연도별 범죄피해 신고 이유 ·······································································225
3. 연도별 범죄피해를 신고하지 않은 이유 ··················································226
4. 연도별 경찰조치 여부 및 내용 ·································································227
5. 연도별 사건처리절차에 관한 정보제공 여부 및 이해 정도 ···················228
6. 연도별 경찰조치에 대한 만족도 ·······························································229
7. 연도별 범인검거 여부 ················································································230
8. 연도별 사건경험으로 인한 시간 손실 여부 및 손실 일수 ·····················231
제4절 경찰신고 및 처리현황 요약 및 소결 ··············································233
❘제8장❘범죄피해 취약성 요인분석 (김지영) ·················235
제1절 지역특성과 범죄피해 ······································································240
1. 지역특성과 재산범죄피해 ··········································································240
2. 지역특성과 폭력범죄피해 ··········································································243
제2절 사회인구학적 특성과 범죄피해 ·······················································245
1. 사회인구학적 특성과 재산범죄피해 ··························································245
2. 사회인구학적 특성과 폭력범죄피해 ··························································246
목차 vii
제3절 생활양식요인과 범죄피해 ·······························································248
1. 생활양식요인과 재산범죄피해 ···································································248
2. 생활양식요인과 폭력범죄피해 ···································································250
제4절 가구특성과 범죄피해 ······································································251
1. 가구특성과 재산범죄피해 ··········································································251
2. 가구특성과 폭력범죄피해 ··········································································253
3. 가구특성과 주거침입범죄피해 ···································································254
제5절 범죄취약성 요인의 연도 간 비교 ···················································255
제6절 범죄피해취약성 요인의 주요결과 ···················································258
❘제9장❘범죄에 대한 인식 및 두려움 (김지영) ·············263
제1절 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식 ·····························································266
1. 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식 ········································································266
2. 우리나라 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식에 영향을 주는 요인들 ·················266
가. 사회인구학적 특성과 우리나라 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식 ·····················266
나. 범죄피해경험과 우리나라 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식 ······························269
3. 우리동네 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식에 영향을 미치는 요인들 ··············269
가. 사회인구학적 특성과 우리동네 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식 ···················269
나. 범죄피해경험과 우리동네 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식 ······························272
다. 지역사회특성 및 미디어 노출과 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식 ···················273
제2절 범죄에 대한 두려움 ········································································274
1. 범죄에 대한 두려움의 유형 ·······································································274
2. 범죄에 대한 두려움에 영향을 미치는 요인 ·············································277
가. 사회인구학적 특성과 범죄에 대한 두려움 ················································277
나. 범죄피해경험과 범죄에 대한 두려움 ··························································280
다. 지역규모 및 주택특성과 범죄에 대한 두려움 ···········································281
라. 지역사회특성 및 미디어 노출과 범죄에 대한 두려움 ······························282
viii 전국범죄피해조사 2014
제3절 범죄예방활동 ··················································································283
1. 소극적 범죄예방활동과 적극적 범죄예방활동 ·········································283
2. 범죄예방활동에 영향을 미치는 요인 ························································284
가. 사회인구학적 특성과 범죄예방활동 ····························································284
나. 범죄피해경험과 범죄예방활동 ·····································································287
다. 지역규모 및 주택유형과 범죄예방활동 ······················································287
제4절 범죄인식 및 두려움, 범죄예방활동의 추세분석 ·····························289
제5절 범죄에 대한 인식 및 두려움의 주요결과 ·······································293
❘제10장❘요약 및 결론 (최수형) ···································301
제1절 주요 연구결과 ················································································303
1. 2014년 주요 범죄유형별 피해율 및 피해결과 ········································303
2. 2014년 범죄피해 신고율 및 연도별 변화 ···············································305
3. 2014년 범죄피해 취약성 요인 및 연도별 변화 ······································306
4. 2014년 범죄에 대한 인식 및 두려움과 연도별 변화 ···························307
제2절 종합 평가 및 향후 과제 ································································308
1. 2014년 조사방법 및 실사과정에 대한 평가 ·········································308
2. 향후 개선 사항 ···························································································310
참고문헌 ···········································································317
Abstract ··········································································319
부록 ················································································331

국문요약
1. 연구목적
2014년 기준 범죄피해조사는 범죄피해조사의 안정적인 조사자료 구축을 위해
2012년 기준 범죄피해조사’의 표집 및 조사방법, 조사내용 등의 조사체계를 동
일하게 유지하여 2014년 기준 조사결과뿐 아니라 2012년 기준 조사결과와 비
교분석을 실시하고자 한다. 즉, 본 연구는 지금까지의 조사와 마찬가지로 2014
년 한 해 동안의 범죄유형별 피해율 및 피해 내용과 피해결과에 대해 살펴보고,
범죄피해의 취약성 요인을 밝히고자 하며, 일반인을 대상으로 범죄에 대한 일반
적인 인식과 태도를 파악함과 동시에 2012년을 기준으로 어떻게 변화하였는지
살펴보고자 한다. 또한, 2008년 및 2010년 기준 조사의 결과와 비교분석이 가
능한 경우는 분석내용에 포함하여 시기별 변화양상을 살펴볼 수 있도록 하였다.
2. 주요 연구내용
∙ 범죄피해유형 분류체계에 따른 주요 범죄 피해율과 도시규모별 범죄피해율
및 범죄피해발생 변화 양상 분석
∙ 범죄피해유형별 발생 실태 및 피해결과와 연도 간 비교
∙ 신고율 및 사건처리과정에 관한 피해자의 경험 및 만족도와 경찰신고 및 처
리현황 변화에 대한 추세 분석
∙ 범죄피해의 취약성 요인 분석 및 연도 간 비교
∙ 범죄에 대한 인식 및 두려움과 추세 분석 : 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식, 범
죄에 대한 두려움, 범죄예방활동
3. 연구방법
▢ 모집단
∙ 목표모집단: 조사기준 시점(2015년 5월 29일)에 대한민국영토 중 행정권
2 전국범죄피해조사 2014
이 미치는 지역 내에 거주하는 일반가구 및 만 14세 이상 가구원
∙ 조사모집단: 2010년 인구주택총조사 결과의 일반조사구 중 보통조사구(1)
및 아파트조사구(A)의 모든 가구 및 만 14세 이상 가구원
▢ 표집 방법
∙ 조사구 추출 방법: 층화확률비례추출법(16개 시도 및 동/읍면을 고려한
25개 층)
∙ 가구 추출 방법: 조사구 내에서 10가구를 계통추출
▢ 자료수집 방법: 조사원이 대상가구를 직접 방문하는 면접조사방법과 자기기입식
병행
총 조사표본수
∙ 총 성공 가구 수 : 6,960가구
∙ 총 성공 개인 수 : 14,976명
▢ 조사 기간
∙ 조사원 교육: 2015. 5. 27. ~ 6. 10. (2주간)
∙ 조사 기간: 2015. 5. 29. ~ 7. 17. (7주간)
※ 중동호흡기중후군 메르스(Mers) 감염 우려로 조사기간 장기화
▢ 조사대상 시점 및 조사기준 시점
∙ 조사대상 시점: 2014년 1월 1일에서 12월 31일까지
∙ 조사기준 시점: 2015년 5월 29일
4. 주요 분석결과
1) 주요 범죄유형별 피해율 및 피해결과
∙ 주요범죄 피해율 및 변화 양상 : 전체 피해율은 3.7%(사건보고 기준으로
14,976명 중에서 555건, 혹은 44,039,786명 중 1,612,701건으로 추정) 정도
국문요약 3
로 나타났다. 폭력범죄의 피해율은 0.4%였고, 재산범죄의 피해율은 3.3%였다.
이 같은 결과를 설문지가 동일한 2012년도 기준 범죄피해조사의 피해율과 비교
하면, 전체 피해율(4.6%에서 3.7%로 감소)뿐만 아니라 폭력범죄의 피해율
(0.7%에서 0.4%로 감소)과 재산범죄의 피해율(3.8%에서 3.3%로 감소) 모두에
서 감소세가 나타났다.
∙ 가구대상범죄 피해율 : 가구대상 범죄피해유형은 주거침입 관련 범죄피해유형과
기타 가구대상 범죄피해유형으로 구분되며 2014년 조사결과, 주거침입 관련
범죄피해를 경험한 가구는 전체의 1.6%였고 기타 가구대상 범죄피해를 경험한
가구는 1.4%로 나타났으며, 총 피해건수는 주거침입 관련 범죄피해가 123건,
기타 가구대상 범죄피해가 120건이었다. 2009년 개편 이후 가구대상 범죄피해
발생 및 내용 변화 분석을 실시한 결과, 주거침입 관련 범죄와 기타 가구대상
범죄피해 모두 전반적으로 감소하였다.
∙ 경찰 신고율 : 전체 555건의 피해 사례 가운데 123건을 신고하여 22.8%의
신고율을 나타냈으며, 폭력범죄피해 신고율(17.5%)에 비해 재산범죄피해 신고
율(22.7%)이 상대적으로 더 높았다. 2008년 이후 신고율이 14.5%에서 2014
년 22.8%로 증가하여 오늘날 범죄피해신고에 대한 인식이 긍정적임을 확인할
수 있었다. 다만, 2014년도의 범죄피해 신고율이 2012년에 비해 다소 감소한
것은 범죄피해를 신고하지 않은 이유에서 나타나듯이 최근 폭력범죄피해 사건
의 피해자 신원 노출이나 보복범죄 피해에 대한 두려움이 커지면서 해당 범죄피
해신고를 꺼리는 경향 때문으로 보인다.
∙ 신고사건 처리현황 및 만족도 : 2014년 기준 조사 결과, 범죄피해 신고에 대한
경찰 조치율에 있어서는 폭력피해사건이 재산피해사건보다 더 높았고 이는 사
건처리에 대한 정보 제공율에 있어서도 마찬가지였으며 경찰조치에 대한 만족
도에서 폭력피해사건을 신고한 피해자의 경우 재산피해사건을 신고한 피해자에
비해 전반적으로 긍정적인 응답이 많았다. 한편, 피해 신고에 대한 경찰의 조치
율이나 사건처리절차에 대한 정보 제공율의 경우 2012년에 비해 2014년 기준
조사 결과 증가하였고 2008년 이후 경찰조치에 대한 만족도는 긍정적인 것으로
나타났다.
4 전국범죄피해조사 2014
2) 2014년 범죄피해 취약성 요인들
∙ 지역특성에 따른 범죄피해 : 1 재산범죄의 경우, 물리적 무질서와 사회적 무질
서 모두 재산범죄피해율에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다. 거주지역이 물리적으로
무질서하다고 응답한 사람의 5.1%가 재산범죄피해를 경험한 반면 무질서하지
않다고 한 응답자의 2.7%만이 피해를 당했다. 또한 경찰활동의 효율성도 재산
범죄 피해 여부에 유의미한 영향을 주고 있는 것으로 나타나 경찰활동이 효과적
이라고 인식한 집단의 재산범죄피해율이 2.6%로 비효과적이라고 인식한 집단
의 4.5%보다 낮았다. 한편, 2 폭력범죄의 경우, 이웃관계와 이웃참여, 경찰활
동의 효과성과는 유의미한 관련성은 없었지만 물리적 무질서의 수준에 따른
피해율의 차이는 유의하였다. 물리적 무질서가 낮거나(0.2%), 보통인 경우
(0.5%)에 비해서 물리적 무질서가 높은 경우(0.8%), 폭력범죄피해 경험 비율이
높은 것으로 나타났다.
∙ 사회인구학적 특성에 따른 범죄피해 : 1 재산범죄피해의 경우, 여자(3.6%)가
남자(2.6%)에 비해 피해율이 높았고 연령변수와 관련해서 40대의 응답자의
3.9%가 재산범죄피해 경험이 있다고 대답하여 피해율이 가장 높았고 그 다음으
로 50대 3.8%, 30대 3.7% 순이었으며 10대 응답자의 0.9%만이 재산범죄피해
가 있다고 대답하여 가장 낮은 피해율을 보였다. 혼인상태에 있어서는 미혼의
집단이 기혼의 집단에 비해 피해율이 낮았고 교육수준에 있어서는 전반적으로
교육수준이 높을수록 재산범죄피해율도 높은 것으로 나타났다. 직업의 유형
중에는 서비스나 판매업에 종사하는 집단의 피해율이 4.0%로 가장 높았고 그
다음으로 직업군인(3.8%), 관리자/전문가(3.7%), 전업주부(3.4%) 등의 순으로
나타났다. 한편, 2 폭력범죄피해의 경우, 성별과 교육수준을 제외한 나머지
사회인구학적 특성들은 모두 폭력범죄 피해율에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로
나타났다. 연령대별로 보면 10대(0.8%), 20대(0.9%)가 다른 연령에 비해 피해
율이 높았고 미혼집단의 응답자의 피해율이 그렇지 않은 집단에 비해 높았다.
직업유형의 경우 학생(0.8%), 사무종사자(0.4%)의 폭력범죄 피해경험 비율이
상대적으로 높았다.
∙ 생활양식 특성에 따른 범죄피해 : 1 재산범죄피해의 경우 대중교통수단을 거의
국문요약 5
또는 전혀 이용하지 않는 경우가 피해율이 가장 낮았고 밤늦게 매일 귀가하는
집단이 그렇지 않은 집단에 비해 피해경험률이 가장 높았으며 만취해서 귀가하
는 빈도나 외출 시 화려한 옷을 입거나 유명브랜드의 옷을 입는 등의 생활양식
과는 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 한편, 2 폭력범죄피해와 관련해서 볼 때, 대중교
통 이용에 있어서 일주일에 3-4일 이용하는 경우가 0.6%로 피해율이 가장
높았고 일주일에 5일 이상 대중교통을 이용하는 집단이 0.5%, 1-2일 이용하는
집단은 0.3%, 2-3일 이용하는 경우는 0.1%의 순이었다. 대체적으로 거의 매일
늦게 귀가하는 집단의 피해율이 5.0%로 가장 높았고 만취귀가의 경우는 폭력범
죄피해율과 유의미한 차이가 없었다.
∙ 가구특성에 따른 범죄피해 : 1 재산범죄피해의 경우 자가주택에 거주하는 사람
에 비해 월세나 전세, 무상주택에 거주하는 사람의 피해율이 더 높았고 월평균
가구소득 100만 원 미만인 집단의 재산범죄피해율이 가장 낮았다. 2 폭력범죄
피해의 경우는 가구소득 수준만이 피해율과 유의미한 차이를 보이는 것으로
나타나 월평균 소득 500만 원 이상인 집단의 피해율이 가장 낮았다.
∙ 범죄취약성 요인의 연도 간 비교 : 이웃관계의 경우, 2013년 평균(M = 2.63,
SD = 0.99)보다 2015년 평균이 높아(M = 2.79, SD = 0.98) 이전 조사 때보다
이웃 간의 관계가 더 좋아졌다는 인식이 강했다. 물리적 무질서와 사회적 무질
서의 수준은 2013년보다 2015년에 더 나빠진 것으로 나타나 응답자들은 2년
전에 비해 자신들이 거주하는 지역이 보다 지저분해지고, 무질서해지고 소란스
러워졌다고 인식하고 있었다. 이에 반해 경찰활동은 2013년(M = 9.54, SD
= 2.35)보다 2015년(M = 10.21, SD = 2.12)에 더 긍정적으로 평가되었고
방범수준의 경우는 2013년(M = 4.01)에 비해서 2015년(M=3.87) 보다 낮아진
것으로 나타났다. 한편, 생활양식에 있어서 대중교통 이용 빈도는 2013년(M
= 2.94, SD = 1.18)에 비해서 2015년(M = 2.76, SD = 1.21)에 감소한 것으로
나타났고 늦은 시간에 귀가하는 빈도는 2013년(M = 4.04, SD = 1.92)에 비해
서 2015년(M = 4.37, SD = 1.71)에 증가한 것으로 나타났으며 만취해서 귀가
하는 빈도도 2013년(M = 5.44, SD = 1.14)에 비해서 2015년(M = 5.49,
SD = 0.99)에 증가한 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 조사대상자들이 평소 외출 시
6 전국범죄피해조사 2014
고급스런 옷차림이나 액세서리, 유명브랜드의 옷을 입는다고 응답한 비율도
2013년(M = 2.02, SD = 0.85)에 비해서 2015년(M = 2.14, SD = 0.92)에
다소 증가하였다.
3) 범죄에 대한 인식과 두려움
∙ 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식 : 우리나라 전체 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식과 우리동
네 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식을 비교하였다. 우리나라 전체 범죄발생추세에
대한 인식(평균 3.45점, 표준편차 0.76)이 우리동네 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식
(평균 3.06점, 표준편차 0.65)보다 더 높은 것으로 나타났으며 통계적으로 유의
미한 차이를 보였다.
∙ 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식에 영향을 미치는 요인들 : 우리나라 범죄발생추세에
대한 인식은 성별에 따른 유의미한 차이는 없었으나 연령대와 혼인상태, 교육수
준, 직업별, 가구소득, 직･간접적인 피해경험, 지역사회의 특성 및 미디어노출
에 의해 유의미한 차이가 나타났다. 한편, 우리동네 범죄발생추세에 대한 인식
은 성별, 연령대, 혼인상태, 교육수준, 직업, 가구소득, 직･간접적인 피해경험,
지역사회의 특성 및 미디어노출에 따른 차이가 통계적으로 유의미한 수준이었다.
∙ 범죄에 대한 두려움 : 우리나라 국민들이 밤에 혼자 있거나 돌아다니기 두렵다
고 느끼는 일반적 두려움의 경우는 평균 2.34점(표준편차 1.01)것으로 조사되
었으며 구체적 유형에 대한 두려움을 살펴보면, 재산범죄 두려움은 평균 2.18
(표준편차 0.80), 폭력범죄 두려움은 평균 2.11(표준편차 0.81), 성폭력범죄
두려움은 평균 2.01(표준편차 0.96)의 수준을 보였다.
∙ 범죄의 두려움에 영향을 미치는 요인 : 남자보다는 여자가, 30대 이상의 연령
집단보다 10대, 20대의 연령집단이, 미혼인 경우가, 교육수준이 높아질수록,
소득수준이 높아질수록 범죄에 대한 두려움은 높아졌다. 한편, 범죄피해경험에
따른 범죄에 대한 두려움에 차이가 있는지 살펴본 결과 본인의 직접적인 피해
경험이 있거나 가까이 지내는 타인이 범죄피해를 당한 경험이 있는 간접적인
피해경험이 있는 경우 범죄에 대한 두려움이 높았고 지역사회에서 이웃 간 왕래
가 활발할수록, 지역사회의 경찰활동이 효율적이라고 지각할수록 범죄에 대한
국문요약 7
두려움은 낮아지는 것이다. 이와 반대로 물리적 무질서나 사회적 무질서가 높을
수록 범죄에 대한 두려움은 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 범죄 관련 뉴스나 프로
에 자주 노출될수록, 사람들과 범죄에 관한 이야기를 자주 할수록 모든 영역의
범죄 두려움 수준이 유의미하게 높은 것으로 나타났다.
∙ 범죄예방활동 수준 및 영향을 미치는 요인 : 1 소극적인 범죄예방활동의 경우
평균 2.52점, 표준편차 0.79로 남자에 비해서 여자들이 높았고 10대에서부터
조금씩 증가하다가 30대를 기점으로 점차 감소하는 경향이 있으며, 혼인상태에
따라서는 미혼인 경우, 현재 배우자가 있는 경우, 사별이나 이혼을 한 경우로
갈수록 다소 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 범죄피해경험이 직접적이거나
간접적으로 있는 경우가 그렇지 않은 경우보다 범죄예방활동을 더 많이 하는
것으로 나타났으며, 서울 거주자가 다른 지역의 거주자에 비해 범죄예방활동
수준이 가장 높았다. 2 적극적인 범죄예방활동의 경우에는 평균 1.97점, 표준
편차 0.98로 남자보다 여자가, 10대와 60대, 70대가 다른 연령대에 비해 낮았
고, 교육수준이 높을수록, 현재 배우자가 있는 경우가 그렇지 않은 집단에 비해
높았다. 또한 피해경험에 따라 살펴본 결과 범죄피해경험이 있는 경우 적극적인
범죄예방활동을 하는 것으로 나타났으며 서울 거주자가 다른 지역에 비해 범죄
예방활동 수준이 가장 높았다
∙ 범죄인식 및 두려움과 범죄예방활동의 조사연도별 변화 : 우리나라의 범죄발생
증가에 대한 응답치는 2009년에 75.7%로 가장 높았고, 2011년에 61.4%로
감소하였지만 2013년에 다시 63.7%로 약간 증가했다가 2015년에 50.2%로
감소하였다. 거주지역의 범죄 증가에 대한 인식도 우리나라 전체 범죄 발생
증가에 대한 인식과 같은 추이가 나타났다. 즉, 올해 조사에서 응답치가 현저히
감소한 것이다. 두 번째, 범죄에 대한 두려움 역시 1996년부터 증감을 반복하다
가 올해 조사 결과 가장 낮았다. 마지막으로 소극적인 범죄예방활동은 2013년
에 실시한 조사결과에 비해 올해 조사에서 더욱 감소하였고 적극적인 범죄예방
활동은 증가하였다.
8 전국범죄피해조사 2014
5. 향후 발전과제
범죄피해조사는 2년을 주기로 한 정례조사로 신뢰성 및 타당성을 위해서는 매 조사
마다 개선작업을 진행하기보다 일정 기간 동안 축적된 조사 진행 경험과 조사결과
등을 중심으로 종합적인 접근에서 정기적인 개선 방향을 설정한 후 수행해야 한다.
이에 향후 과제와 발전방안으로 1) 범죄피해조사를 통해 측정하고자 하는 범죄피해유
형에 대한 검토, 2) 측정하고자 하는 범죄피해유형에 따라 기초조사표의 범죄피해경
험 선별질문과 사건조사표의 범죄피해 내용에 대한 재정비, 3) 조사응답자 친화적인
조사표 구성, 4) 조사홍보 방안 검토, 5) 조사기준 시점의 조기화, 6) 원표본 성공률을
높이기 위한 방안 마련, 7) 자료수집방법에 대한 검토, 8) 실사기관의 안정화 등을
제시하였다.