The violence crime has not been defined according to criminal law, and it means various kinds of crimes that are accompanied by the violence. Therefore, official statistics does not include the item of violence crime. In this study, the violence crime consists of injury, assault and violent behavior to violate laws and regulations and to be punished.
Investigation into actual conditions of violent crimes may be not easy. Not only official statistics survey but also crime damage survey can be commonly used. Official statistics has large amount of hidden crimes to exclude most of violence crimes and to produce bias because of reporter's wrong memory and distortion at crime damage survey and limitation of self-administered questionnaire.
In this study, various kinds of ways were used to investigate types and actual conditions of violence crimes in the society, for instance, official statistics, investigation and trial records of violence cases, observation on-the-spot and questionnaire of policemen, etc. In particular, observation on-the-spot was rarely used in the criminology and it was used to limitation of conventional type of research methodology. So, the authors visited police boxes five weeks to observe characteristics of violence criminals and processing process. The authors could understand policemen's activities on-the-spot better to experience violence crimes.

1. Occurrence of Violence Crimes at Official Statistics

Number of violence crimes according to official statistics temporarily increased in 2000 and 2001. Since 2002, the number decreased little by little. The crime occurred in summer more frequently than other seasons, and it did less frequently in winter. The crime occurred at streets and business districts the most frequently, and it mostly occurred accidently. When an offender was drunken, number of criminal act constantly increased. And, number of the case that ex-convict committed the crime increased.
Many of the victim were in their twenties and thirties, and they were recently attacked by unknown persons.
The prosecutors of criminal case cognize violence crime according to a victim's report and investigate the case when the offender is not in prison.

2. Characteristics of Violence Crimes at the Records of Criminal Court

The criminal and judgment records showed that prosecutors of criminal case booked a criminal, and that the crime often occurred either in spring or in summer and at midnight and early morning (from 9 o'clock in the evening to 3 o'clock in the morning). And, the crime often occurred at streets, and one third of the crime was committed by unknown person. About one third of the criminals had a partner, and one third of the crime was committed by both men and women.
The ratio of men offender was very much high. The offenders exercised violence unilaterally, and many persons exercised violence each other to be offender as well as victim. The ones who were offenders as well as victims often were in their twenties and thirties. The pure offenders often were company employee and students, while the ones who were offenders as well as victim often were the ones who had no job or self-employed. The pure offenders often were ex-convict, and they sometimes exercised violence with no drinking. And, the pure offenders exercised violence against the ones whom they did not know before, and the ones who were offenders and victims at the same time often exercised violence against the ones whom they did not know before.
Most of the offenders exercised violence with anger (rage), and trivial quarrel led to be violence behavior at the highest rate. The pure offenders exercised almost same level of violence that the ones who were offenders and victims did.

3. Types of Violence Crimes

The violence crime cannot be defined according to laws and regulations that regulate violence behaviors, and it may vary depending upon whether both offenders and victims knew each other and were drunken.
The criminals in their thirties were often convicted, and the ones with two times or more previous conviction were often convicted. 20-years old or less criminals often were not convicted, and the ones who had no previous conviction or no more than one time previous conviction often were not convicted. The criminals who were not convicted often made efforts to control and suppress situation at the time of violence, and offenders did not suffer from damages or suffered from minor damages. When the offenders wanted to agree with the victims actively, they often were not convicted: And, many offenders admitted of violence crime totally or denied it strictly.
The offenders often were men in their twenties and thirties, and women in their twenties, fifties and sixties. And, men offenders had relatively more previous conviction. Men offenders often exercised violence against the ones whom they did not know before, while women offenders did against the ones whom they knew before regardless of conflicts and good impression. The offenders suffered from conflicts because of following reasons: Men had conflict of contempt and abasement, while women had problems of family troubles and debt. Men actively made effort to agree with the victim after violence, while women offender often wanted to convict actively on the contrary and passively wanted to agree with the victim even at mutual agreement. As such, women kept conflict for a long time, and could not control hostile feeling easily after quarrel. The offenders in their twenties or less mostly committed violence crime against the ones who did not react each other before or met on the day of crime, while the ones in their thirties or more did against the ones whom they reacted each other before. The offenders in their twenties or less often exercised violence against the victim even when either prosecutors or policemen investigated the case, and the former made efforts to control or suppress the situation or avoid the situation more than the ones in their thirties did. The offenders in their twenties or less were often arrested either on-the-spot or by third party's report, while the ones in their thirties or more were done by the victim's report. The offenders who exercised violence against the ones whom they met before the case had previous conviction at high rate, while the ones who did against the ones whom they did not meet before had not previous conviction at high rate. The offenders who exercised violence against the ones whom they met before sometimes made use of threat, menace and tools, and they reported the crime to the police at the rate of two fifth. The offenders who exercised violence against the ones whom they did not meet before made efforts to control or suppress situation or to avoid situation. The ones who fought with the ones whom they met before wanted to sue the other party actively, while the ones who fought with the ones whom they did not meet before made effort to agree with the other party.
Men fought drunken more than women did, and the ones in their thirties and forties often did. The ones who fought drunken mostly exercised violence against the ones whom they did not meet before, while the ones who did not drink often exercised violence against the ones whom they met before. The ones who were not drunken often exercised violence against the ones whom they met before. The ones who were drunken exercised violence against the ones who had conflict because of love problem and family troubles: At this time, the offenders often gave causes of the conflict. The ones who fought without drink reported the case to the police by themselves at high rate, and the ones who fought drunken grabbed by the throat or hit with hands. As such, the ones who fought without drink wanted to sue actively, while the ones who fought drunken made effort to agree with the other party after fighting.

4. Characteristics of Violence Crimes from point of view of On-the-spot Observation

In Korea, violence accident seemed to occur frequently because of sub culture of drunken violence from macroscopic point of view. Young men who were drunken exercised violence either at bars or at bar streets in the evening. The young men drank in accordance with value system and behavioral norms of sub culture, and they did not feel guilty against minor violence while drunken and thought that they could be pardoned from the other party so that even policemen were also influenced by the culture.
Secondly, the ones who were drunken to be given negative stimulus started to exercise violence. For instance, when the one who was drunken was neglected from the other party considering the former' old age or was attacked his territory or was given negative feeling such as rage because of violation of public virtue or justice, he or she exercised violence. In particular, they exercised violence because of improper treatment considering age that could not be found out in other countries to be unique social and cultural phenomenon and to be interesting.

5. Policemen's Attitudes toward Violence Crimes

The policemen reconciliated and arbitrated violence crimes between offenders and victims. At first, the policemen decided upon weight of violence case. Then, they selected serious case to apply it to an official violence case: On the other hand, they gave both offender and victim an opportunity to agree each other or helped agree each other. When both parties agreed each other, the policemen released either minor warning or written guidance and they did not adopt an official violence case. The policemen were thought to adopt official violence case at 20% or less considering interview and observation.