The purpose of this study is a comprehensive uation of the human rights protection competency of the prosecution and the police. In order to achieve this purpose, this study conducts a comprehensive analysis of cases of human rights violations that occur during prosecutors’ and police’s activities as follows. First, we analyze and classify discussions on human rights protection competency of investigative agencies. Through the analysis and classification of the recommendations of the prosecution reform committee and the police reform committee, we identify the insufficient components of the human rights protection competency of the prosecution and police. Second, the results and significance of policy tasks related to strengthening prosecutors’ and police’s human rights protection competency in the National Action Plans on Human Rights are uated. Third, we analyze and typify the National Human Rights Commission cases on human rights violations by investigative agencies in order to identify areas where prosecutors and police need to strengthen their human rights protection competency. Fourth, we analyze the system and items of human rights impact assessment index for the police and human rights standards and practice for the police, and uate the pros and cons to find improvement measures. Furthermore, we present ideas on the human rights impact assessment of the prosecution to be introduced.